Materials page for the topic ,,Safety in Traffic"
Technical School ,,15th May" Prokuplje, Serbia
Teacher: Slađana Trajkovic
Technical School ,,15th May" Prokuplje, Serbia
Teacher: Slađana Trajkovic
|
|
|
|
|
|
Teacher : Vera Milićević
School name: Technical School , Loznica, Serbia
School name: Technical School , Loznica, Serbia
Project Safety in traffic in our school. Model.
Summary – The point of this project is prevention of traffic accidents and raising safety of all vehicles and pedestrians. Project is based on measuring speed of vehicles that are coming in intersection with ultrasound sensors and microcontrollers. If the incoming vehicle is driving above allowed speed the siren will start blinking and emitting loud sounds which will alarm all participants in traffic to pay attention, and it will also block the traffic for some set time.
Introduction
The purpose of this project is intersection traffic simulation by measuring speeds of vehicles that are incoming. On top of the model are traffic lights, sensors and siren, while following electronics are underneath the surface.
Summary – The point of this project is prevention of traffic accidents and raising safety of all vehicles and pedestrians. Project is based on measuring speed of vehicles that are coming in intersection with ultrasound sensors and microcontrollers. If the incoming vehicle is driving above allowed speed the siren will start blinking and emitting loud sounds which will alarm all participants in traffic to pay attention, and it will also block the traffic for some set time.
Introduction
The purpose of this project is intersection traffic simulation by measuring speeds of vehicles that are incoming. On top of the model are traffic lights, sensors and siren, while following electronics are underneath the surface.
|
Whole project is based on Arduino developing system which manages traffic lights and ultrasound sensors. If the vehicle is coming in speed that is not allowed, traffic will close by emitting red lights and the siren will start. After some given time siren goes off and traffic lights continue to work regularly.
Components Main components of this project are two Arduino Nanos (ATmega328). They’re driving LEDs and work with signals from ultrasound sensors. Because LEDs need much more power to work, output current of 40mA from pins from Arduino are not enough, so resistor package and driver ULN2804A are used. |
|
One microcontroller is used to work with traffic lights, while other one gets signals from ultrasound sensors, calculates them to speed and sends them to computer via USB to “Computer policeman” program.
The next important component is ultrasound sensor HC-SR04. It works by sending and receiving reflected ultrasound of 40kHz. It uses 4 pins – VCC and GND for power, and TRIG and ECHO for data
Also there is siren, device that emits different pattern lights and sound. It just needs power to start working and is old school project.
The next important component is ultrasound sensor HC-SR04. It works by sending and receiving reflected ultrasound of 40kHz. It uses 4 pins – VCC and GND for power, and TRIG and ECHO for data
Also there is siren, device that emits different pattern lights and sound. It just needs power to start working and is old school project.
The Working Principle
When it comes to measuring speeds, is based on measuring two distances and pause in-between the measuring and then calculating by formula:
When it comes to measuring speeds, is based on measuring two distances and pause in-between the measuring and then calculating by formula:
where s1 and s2 are distances from sensor to car, and t the time between measurings. Then we divide the distance and time and get speed – v. To get the distance between car and sensor microcontoller send logical 1 to TRIG pin of sensor for 10μs, and then waits for the feedback signal from ECHO pin. Distance is calculated in centimeters by given formula from datashee:
where s is the distance, and t time of logical 1 from ECHO pin. After those measurements, microcontroller calculates the speed and sends it as string to computer software „Computer policeman“ via USB which visualy shows the speeds of each traffic lane.
Conclusion
Based on experiments with this model, the conclusion is that it works as predicted, that physics laws are proved and also practical use of this project.
Based on experiments with this model, the conclusion is that it works as predicted, that physics laws are proved and also practical use of this project.
| safety.doc |
